Guidewire Advancement And Blood Flashback Systems For A Medical Device Insertion System

ABSTRACT

A catheter placement tool for placing a catheter within a vasculature of a patient includes a housing, a guidewire advancement assembly, a needle, and a catheter assembly. The housing can include a hermetically sealed guide portion and one or more translucent sides to enable blood entering an interior of the housing to be viewed. The guidewire advancement assembly is disposed in the housing and can include a guidewire, and a flexible track coupled to the guidewire. The flexible track can be positioned along the hermetically sealed guide portion, and be accessible via an opening in a distal portion of the housing. The needle can be fixed in the housing, and can include a proximal opening in fluid communication with the interior of the housing. The catheter assembly is positioned over the needle with the catheter hub disposed outside of the housing prior to insertion of the catheter.

PRIORITY

This application is a division of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/296,087, filed Mar. 7, 2019, now U.S. Pat. No. 11,389,626, which claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119(e) to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/639,790, filed Mar. 7, 2018, and titled “Guidewire Advancement And Blood Flashback Systems For A Medical Device Insertion System,” each of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety into this application.

SUMMARY

Briefly summarized, embodiments disclosed herein are directed to catheter insertion tools and methods thereof.

Disclosed herein is an insertion tool for inserting a medical device into a body of a patient, the insertion tool including, in some embodiments, a housing, a needle, an advancement assembly, and a guidewire advancement assembly. The advancement assembly is configured to selectively advance the medical device for placement in the body of the patient. The guidewire advancement assembly is configured to selectively advance a guidewire prior to advancement of the medical device. The guidewire advancement assembly includes a first portion, a second portion, and a frangible portion physically interconnecting the first portion to the second portion. The guidewire is operably attached to one of the first portion or the second portion. The frangible portion is configured to break when a force of a predetermined magnitude is imposed thereon.

In some embodiments, proximal retraction of the guidewire is substantially prevented upon breakage of the frangible portion.

In some embodiments, the force imposed on the frangible portion is a tension force.

In some embodiments, the predetermined magnitude of the force is less than a second predetermined magnitude of a force that is required to break the guidewire.

In some embodiments, the first and second portions are interconnected by the frangible portion and a hinge portion.

In some embodiments, the first and second portions pivot relative to each other about the hinge portion when the frangible portion breaks. The pivotal movement of the first and second portions inhibit further movement of the guidewire.

In some embodiments, the first and second portions separate from each other when the force of the predetermined magnitude is imposed thereon causing the frangible portion to break.

Also disclosed is an insertion tool for placing a medical device within a vasculature of a patient including, in some embodiments, a housing, an indicator tube, and a needle. The indicator tube includes an indicator tube lumen. The needle includes a needle lumen and an aperture disposed in a side wall of the needle. The aperture fluidly connects the needle lumen with the indicator tube lumen.

In some embodiments, the indicator tube extends through a translucent portion of the housing.

In some embodiments, the translucent portion is a wing portion used to advance a medical device into the vasculature of the patient.

In some embodiments, the indicator tube extends along a surface of the housing.

In some embodiments, the needle includes a second needle aperture through the side wall of the needle disposed opposite the (first) needle aperture.

In some embodiments, a blood flow from the needle enters the lumen of the indicator tube and flows in opposite directions along the indicator tube lumen away from the needle.

Also disclosed is a catheter placement tool for placing a catheter within a vasculature of a patient, the catheter placement tool including, in some embodiments, a housing, a catheter, a needle, a needle safety clip, a guidewire, and a guidewire advancement assembly. The housing extends along a longitudinal axis and includes a proximal end and a distal end of the housing. The catheter includes a catheter hub. The needle safety clip includes a base plate and one or more support arms configured to releasably secure the needle safety clip to the catheter hub. The guidewire advancement assembly is coupled to the guidewire. The guidewire advancement assembly is disposed within the housing. A portion of the guidewire advancement assembly is accessible by way of an opening proximate the distal end of the housing.

In some embodiments, the guidewire advancement assembly includes a guidewire advancer and a flexible track. The flexible track is operable through the opening of the housing to advance the guidewire in a distal direction when the flexible track is advanced in a distal direction.

In some embodiments, the flexible track includes a slit extending along a longitudinal axis configured to allow at least one of the guidewire, the catheter, or the needle to pass therethrough.

In some embodiments, a distal end of the flexible track travels through an arc of substantially 180° as the guidewire advancement assembly is advanced in a distal direction.

In some embodiments, the guidewire advancement assembly is hermetically isolated from an interior portion of the housing.

In some embodiments, the housing includes a translucent portion and the interior portion of the housing that fills with blood when a distal tip of the needle accesses the vasculature of the patient.

In some embodiments, each arm of the one or more support arms each includes a detent disposed at a distal end thereof. The detent of each support arm is configured to engage a corresponding notch in the catheter hub.

In some embodiments, the base plate of the needle safety clip includes an aperture configured to slidably engage the needle.

Also disclosed is a method of placing a medical device including, in some embodiments, providing an insertion tool in a first step among a number of steps. The insertion tool includes a housing, a needle, a guidewire, a guidewire advancement assembly, a medical device, and a blood flash indicator. The housing includes a translucent portion and a housing opening on an upper surface thereof proximate a distal end of the housing. The needle extends from the distal end of the housing and includes a lumen extending proximally from a distal end of the needle. The guidewire advancement assembly is disposed within the housing operably attached to the guidewire and accessible through the housing opening. The blood flash indicator is fluidly connected with the needle lumen and extends through the translucent portion of the housing. In addition to the first step, the number of steps include grasping the insertion tool with one hand proximate to a distal end thereof; advancing the distal end of the needle into a vasculature of the patient; allowing blood to flow proximally through the needle lumen to the blood flash indicator; observing the presence of blood in the blood flash indicator through the translucent portion of the housing; advancing the guidewire in a distal direction by accessing the guidewire advancement assembly through the housing opening using a digit of the one hand and advancing the guidewire advancement assembly in a distal direction; and advancing a medical device along the guidewire.

Also disclosed is a method of removing a catheter placement tool subsequent to placement of a catheter including, in some embodiments, providing a medical device placement tool in a first step among a number of steps. The medical device placement tool includes a catheter, a needle, a needle safety clip, a guidewire, and a guidewire advancement assembly. The catheter includes a catheter hub. The needle safety clip is slidably engaged with the needle and releasably secured to the catheter hub. The guidewire is configured to break at a first predetermined magnitude of force. The guidewire advancement assembly includes a frangible connecting portion configured to break at a second predetermined magnitude of force. In addition to the first step, the number of steps include retracting the guidewire in a proximal direction using the guidewire advancement assembly; retracting the needle proximally from the catheter such that the needle safety clip slides to a distal end of the needle; and disengaging the catheter from the needle safety clip when the needle safety clip reaches a distal end of the needle.

In some embodiments, the first predetermined magnitude of force is greater than the second predetermined magnitude of force.

In some embodiments, the needle safety clip includes three support arms configured to releasably secure the needle safety clip to the catheter hub. Each arm of the three support arms each includes a detent disposed at a distal end thereof. The detent is configured to engage a corresponding notch in the catheter hub.

In some embodiments, the three support arms close about a needle tip when the catheter hub is released from the needle safety clip.

DRAWINGS

A more particular description of the present disclosure will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof that are illustrated in the appended drawings. It is appreciated that these drawings depict only typical embodiments of the invention and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope. Example embodiments of the invention will be described and explained with additional specificity and detail through the use of the accompanying drawings in which:

FIGS. 1A-1F are various views of a catheter insertion tool according to one embodiment;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the insertion tool of FIGS. 1A-1F;

FIGS. 3A and 3B show various views of the insertion tool of FIGS. 1A-1F;

FIG. 4 is a top view of a guidewire advancement assembly and a catheter advancement assembly of FIGS. 1A-1F according to one embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a guidewire advancement assembly of the insertion tool of FIGS. 1A-1F according to one embodiment;

FIGS. 6A-6B show details of the operation of the guidewire advancement assembly of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the insertion tool of FIGS. 1A-1F in one state;

FIGS. 8A-8C is a side view and close up views of a guidewire lever of the catheter insertion device of FIGS. 1A-1F according to one embodiment;

FIGS. 9A-9C is a side view and close up views of a guidewire lever of the catheter insertion device of FIGS. 1A-1F according to one embodiment;

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a blood flash indicator according to one embodiment;

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a blood flash indicator according to one embodiment;

FIGS. 12A-12B are various views of a catheter advancement assembly including the blood flash indicator of FIG. 11;

FIG. 12C is a perspective view of a catheter insertion device equipped with the blood flash indicator of FIGS. 12A-12B;

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a catheter insertion device equipped with a blood flash indicator according to one embodiment;

FIG. 14A is a perspective view of a catheter insertion device according to one embodiment;

FIG. 14B is an exploded view of the catheter insertion device of FIG. 14A;

FIGS. 14C-14F show various views of the catheter insertion device of FIG. 14A;

FIGS. 15A-15E shows various views of a guidewire advancement assembly for use in the catheter insertion device of FIG. 14A; and

FIGS. 16A-16B show various perspective, cutaway views of the catheter and insertion device of FIG. 14A.

FIGS. 17A-17F show various views of a needle safety clip, according to one embodiment.

FIGS. 18A-18B show various close up views of a catheter hub that engages with the needle safety clip of FIGS. 17A-17F.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Reference will now be made to figures wherein like structures will be provided with like reference designations. It is understood that the drawings are diagrammatic and schematic representations of exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are neither limiting nor necessarily drawn to scale.

For clarity it is to be understood that the word “proximal” refers to a direction relatively closer to a clinician using the device to be described herein, while the word “distal” refers to a direction relatively further from the clinician. For example, the end of a catheter placed within the body of a patient is considered a distal end of the catheter, while the catheter end remaining outside the body is a proximal end of the catheter. Also, the words “including,” “has,” and “having,” as used herein, including the claims, shall have the same meaning as the word “comprising.”

Briefly summarized, embodiments herein are generally directed to an insertion tool for inserting a catheter or other tubular medical device into a body of a patient. The insertion tool in one embodiment unifies needle insertion, guidewire advancement, and catheter insertion in a single device to provide for a simple catheter placement procedure.

In one embodiment, the insertion tool comprises a housing in which at least a portion of the catheter is initially disposed, a hollow needle distally extending from the housing with at least a portion of the catheter pre-disposed over the needle, and a guidewire pre-disposed within the needle. An advancement assembly is also included for selectively advancing the guidewire distally past a distal end of the needle in preparation for distal advancement of the catheter. In one embodiment a catheter advancement assembly is also included for selectively advancing the catheter into the patient. Each advancement assembly can include a slide or other actuator that enables a clinician to selectively advance the desired component. These assemblies cooperate to enable the catheter to be suitably placed within the vasculature or other portion of the body of the patient. In another embodiment, no portion of the catheter is initially disposed inside the insertion tool housing.

In one embodiment the catheter advancement assembly further includes a handle that is initially and removably attached to a hub of the catheter within the housing. Distal movement of handle by a clinician in turn distally moves the catheter distally from the housing. The handle can include a needle safety component for isolating a distal tip of the needle when the needle is removed from the catheter and the distal tip received into the handle. In addition, various guidewire and catheter advancement assemblies are disclosed herein.

In yet another embodiment, various features are included with the insertion tool, including: actuation of the guidewire and catheter advancement assemblies without moving the hand of the clinician that grasps the insertion tool during the catheter insertion procedure; selective advancement of one of the guidewire or catheter based upon previous advancement of the other; and guidewire blunting features.

In another embodiment. The guidewire and catheter advancement assemblies each include user engagement components that are configured such that the user can begin to advance the second user component after advancing the first user engagement component without substantially re-positioning the thumb or finger used by the user for advancement.

In yet another embodiment, the catheter advancement assembly includes a handle assembly with first and second wings. A cover portion extends between the first and second wings and is positioned such that advancement of the guidewire advancement assembly and the catheter advancement assembly can be accomplished by a single thumb or finger of the clinician.

Embodiments herein further describe additional aspects of the insertion tool, including various guidewire advancement assemblies and blood flash indicators.

Insertion Tools

FIGS. 1A-2 depict various details of the insertion tool 10 according to an embodiment. As shown in FIGS. 1A and 2, the insertion tool 10 includes the top and bottom housing portions 12A, 12B of the housing 12, from which extends the catheter 42 disposed over the needle 16. Also shown is a finger pad 1218 of the guidewire advancement assembly 20 slidably disposed in a slot 1236 defined in the top housing portion 12A, and a portion of a handle assembly 1220 of the catheter advancement assembly 40. Further details are given below of the present insertion tool 10 and its various details in accordance with the present embodiment. Further details of which can also be found in U.S. Pat. No. 10,384,039, filed May 13, 2016, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.

FIGS. 1A-1F show that the finger pad 1218 as part of the guidewire advancement assembly 20 can be slid by a finger(s) of the clinician distally along the slot 1236 in order to enable selective advancement of the guidewire 22 (initially disposed within the lumen of the needle 16) out past the distal end 16B of the needle 16. A proximal end of the guidewire 22 is attached to an interior portion of the top housing portion 12A such that a single unit of distal sliding advancement of the finger pad 1218 results in two units of distal guidewire advancement. This is made possible by looping the guidewire 22 from its attachment point on the top housing portion 12A and through the guide surfaces 980 included on the guidewire lever 24 (FIGS. 6A and 6B) before extending into the lumen of the needle 16. Note that in the present embodiment the guidewire lever 24 and finger pad 1218 of the guidewire advancement assembly 20 are integrally formed with one another, though they may be separately formed in other embodiments. Note also that the guidewire 22 can be attached to other external or internal portions of the insertion tool 10, including the bottom housing portion 12B, the needle hub 1214, etc.

FIGS. 1A-1F further show that the catheter advancement assembly 40 for selectively advancing the catheter 42 in a distal direction out from the housing 12 of the insertion tool 10 includes a handle assembly 1220, which in turn includes among other components two wings 1280 that are grasped by the fingers of the clinician when the catheter is to be advanced. As will discussed in further detail below, the wings 1280 distally advanced via the gap 1250 defined between the top and bottom housing portions 12A, 12B.

The top and bottom housing portions 12A, 12B are mated together via the engagement of four tabs 1230 (FIGS. 1D, 2) of the top housing portion with four corresponding recesses 1232 located on the bottom housing portion. Of course, other mating mechanisms and schemes can be employed for joining the top and bottom housing portions together.

The exploded view of the insertion tool 10 in FIG. 2 shows that the handle assembly 1220 includes a head portion 1222 from which extend the wings 1280, and a tail portion 1224. Both the head portion 1222 and the tail portion 1224 are removably attached to the catheter hub 46. Internal components of the insertion tool 10 that are disposed within the housing 12, each of which is passed through by the needle 16 include valve 52, the safety housing 54 in which the carriage 1008 and the needle safety component 56 is disposed, and the cap 58 of the safety housing. The O-ring 1002 that is included with the needle safety component 56 is also shown, as is a needle hub 1214, which is secured to a proximal end of the needle 16 and is mounted to the housing 12 to secure the needle 16 in place within the insertion tool 10. Note in FIG. 2 that, in one embodiment, the slot 1236 in which the finger pad of the guidewire advancement assembly 20 is disposed includes a relatively wide portion to enable the guidewire lever 24 to be inserted therethrough in order to couple the guidewire advancement assembly to the housing 12.

FIGS. 3A and 3B depict various details regarding the stability structure 70 for supporting and stabilizing the needle 16 at its exit point from the housing 12, according to the present embodiment. As shown, proximal portions of the top and bottom housing 12A, 12B inter-engage to provide the stability structure 70 for the needle 16. The bottom housing portion 12B includes two distally-disposed arms 1248 separated by a slot 1246 that enables the arms, when unconstrained, to separate from one another. The top housing portion 12A defines a distal slot 1240 and a horseshoe feature 1242 distal to the slot. Given the downward curvature of the top housing portion 12A (see FIG. 1C), the slot 1240 enables the arms 1248 of the bottom housing portion 12B to protrude upward through the slot to surround and support the needle 16 in order to stabilize it. The horseshoe feature 1242 is disposed about the needle 16 at the distal end of the bottom housing arms 1248 and acts as a collar to stabilize the needle.

The arms 1248 of the bottom housing portion 12B are configured to be able to move back and forth in the x-direction, according to the x-y axis shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, while remaining substantially rigid in the y-direction. Conversely, the distal portion of the top housing portion 12A that includes the slot 1240 and the horseshoe feature 1242 is configured so as to flex in the y-direction according to the x-y axis shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, while remaining substantially rigid in the x-direction. Thus, when overlapped or inter-engaged as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the above-referenced components of the stability structure 70 cooperate to support the needle 16 and prevent its substantial movement when the housing 12 is in the configuration shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B, that is, before removal of the catheter 42 from the housing 12. This in turn assists the clinician in accurately piercing the skin and accessing a vessel of the patient. It is appreciated that the stability structure can include other components to stabilize the needle in addition to those explicitly described herein.

FIGS. 4-7 depict various details regarding the catheter advancement assembly 40 and the guidewire advancement assembly 20, according to the present embodiment. As discussed, the catheter advancement assembly 40 includes the handle assembly 1220, which in turn includes the head portion 1222 with the corresponding wings 1280, and the tail portion 1224 disposed about a portion of the catheter hub 46 and the safety housing 54. As will be discussed further below, the handle assembly 1220 is employed in distally advancing and removing the catheter 42 from the insertion tool 10.

FIGS. 4-7 further show the finger pad 1218 and the guidewire lever 24 of the guidewire advancement assembly 20 for the present embodiment. As shown, the guidewire lever 24 extends proximally from the finger pad 1218 and includes on its proximal end the previously discussed guide surfaces 980 for guiding the looping of the guidewire 22. An actuation block 1258 is also included near the proximal end of the guidewire lever 24 for use in enabling catheter advancement. Note that the particular size, shape, and other configuration of the actuation block can vary from what is shown and described herein while retaining the desired functionality.

A spring arm 1260 extends downward from the guidewire lever 24 and is configured to be slidably retained between two guide posts 1264 of the needle hub 1214, as best seen in FIGS. 6A and 6B. The spring arm 1260 is employed for locking further movement of the guidewire advancement assembly 20 once the guidewire 22 has been fully distally extended from the insertion tool 10 and the catheter 42 advanced an incremental amount. In particular, distal sliding by the clinician of the finger pad 1218 causes the guidewire lever 24 to also distally move, which in turn distally advances the guidewire 22 (which internally loops past the guide surfaces 980 of the guidewire lever 24 and into the needle lumen) through the lumen of the needle 16 and past the needle distal end 16B, as seen in FIG. 7.

Upon full distal advancement of the finger pad 1218 and guidewire lever 24 as seen in FIG. 7, the free end of the spring arm 1260 is disposed just above a pocket 1266 defined between the guide posts 1264 of the needle hub 1214, as seen in FIG. 6B. Because of the location of the safety housing 54 proximal and adjacent to the needle hub 1214 at this stage (the catheter 42—and also the attached safety housing—in its initial seated position due to it having not yet been distally advanced via distal advancement of the catheter advancement assembly 40), the free end of the spring arm 1260 cannot yet seat in the pocket 1266. Once the catheter 42 is advanced an incremental distance distally, however, the attached safety housing 54 no longer impedes downward movement of the spring arm 1260 and the free end thereof seats into the pocket 1266 of the needle hub 1214. Further distal movement of the guidewire advancement assembly 20 is prevented by impingement of the finger pad 1218 on the distal end of the slot 1236, while proximal movement is prevented by the seating of the spring arm in the pocket 1266 of the needle hub.

Note that the finger pad 1218 includes on its underside proximate its distal end a protrusion 1254 that engages with a depression 1252 defined on the top housing portion 12A when the finger pad is completely distally advanced. This assists in keeping the finger pad 1218 seated in its distal position and provides a tactile cue that the finger pad has been fully distally advanced.

Note also that, should the catheter advancement assembly 40 be moved proximally back to its initial position (as seen in FIG. 5), the safety housing 54 will once again abut against the needle hub 1214 and push the free end of the spring arm 1260 up and out of the pocket 1266. This in turn enables the guidewire advancement assembly 20 to again move proximally and distally, causing corresponding proximal and distal advancement of the guidewire 22 itself. Thus, locking of the guidewire advancement is reversible, in the present embodiment.

In another embodiment it is appreciated that a push button can be included with the guidewire advancement assembly 20 to enable the guidewire to be extended or retracted anew after locking of the guidewire has initially occurred, such as via depressing of the button to disengage the spring arm 1260 from the pocket 1266 of the needle hub, for instance. These and other variations are therefore contemplated.

Frangible Guidewire Mechanisms

FIGS. 8A-9C show various details a guidewire lever 24 that forms part of the guidewire advancement assembly 20 and is employed to selectively extend the guidewire from the housing 12 of the insertion tool. In accordance with the present embodiment and as further shown in FIGS. 8B and 8C, the guidewire lever 24 includes a frangible portion 1400, which is configured to prevent excessive force being applied to the guidewire when it is proximally retracted into the housing 12 of the insertion tool 10. FIGS. 8B and 8C show that the frangible portion 1400 in the present embodiment includes a connecting portion 1406 that joins a first, relatively proximal, portion 1408 of the guidewire lever 24 to a second, relatively distal, portion 1410 thereof across a gap 1412 defined between the relatively proximal and distal portions 1408, 1410. The connecting portion 1406 is configured to break when a predetermined tension force is applied thereto. Such a tension force can be applied when the guidewire lever 24 is moved with excessive force by the clinician to retract the guidewire 22 into the housing 12. In an exemplary scenario where such excessive force is applied includes, when the guidewire catches on the distal tip 16B of the needle 16 during guidewire retraction. Breakage of the connecting portion 1406 when the tension force is imposed thereon prevents further retraction of the guidewire 22. This in turn prevents possible breakage of the guidewire itself, which otherwise could undesirably lead to embolism of a portion of the guidewire into the patient body.

It will be appreciated that a variety of sizes, shapes, positions, configurations, and numbers of the frangible portion(s) 1400 and its connecting portion(s) 1406 are possible and fall within the scope of the present invention. In an embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 8B-8C, the gap 1412 between the proximal and distal portions 1408, 1412 only partially transects the guidewire lever 24 so as to define a hinge portion 1414. Although hinge 1414 is shown as a living hinge, it will be appreciated that other hinge joints may be used and fall within the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, when the connector 1406 breaks, as described herein, the proximal portion 1408 pivots relative to the distal portion 1410 about the hinge 1414. The pivotal movement can absorb any continued movement of the guidewire lever 24 to prevent any further movement of the guidewire 22. The pivotal movement of the proximal portion 1408 can also intentionally misalign and obstruct any further proximal movement of the guidewire lever 24 and/or movement of the guidewire 22 through the guide surfaces 980, further preventing any movement of the guidewire 22. The obstruction of movement of the guidewire lever 24 and associated structures can further indicate to the clinician that excessive force has been incurred.

In an embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 9A-9C, the gap 1412 can entirely transect the guidewire lever 24. The proximal portion 1408 and distal portion 1410 of the guidewire lever 24 can be coupled by way of one or more connectors 1406, e.g. 1406A, 1406B. The connectors 1406A, 1406B can break, as described herein, and the proximal portion 1408 of the guidewire lever 24 then separates from the distal portion 1410, thus preventing any further movement of the guidewire 22, irrespective of any subsequent movement of the guidewire lever 24. The connectors 1406A, 1406B can be in a spaced apart relationship and it will be appreciated that any number and configuration of connectors 1406 falls within the scope of the present invention.

In an embodiment, the connectors 1406 can be formed of the same material as that of guidewire lever 24 or of a different material that can display differing physical characteristics. The connectors 1406 can be formed as a single monolithic piece with that of guidewire lever 24. In an embodiment, the connectors 1406 can be formed separately from guidewire lever 24 and attached thereto using adhesives, bonding, welding, or similar suitable techniques for coupling the connector 1406 to guidewire lever 24.

Blood Flash Mechanisms

FIGS. 10-13 depict various embodiments of a blood flash indicator (“indicator”) 1500 that cooperates with the needle 16 of the insertion tool 10. The indicator 1500 confirms, via a flow of blood through the indicator, that the distal tip of the needle is desirably located in the vein or other blood-carrying vessel of the patient body. In an embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10, the indicator 1500 includes an indicator tubing 1510, which includes a lumen 1512 disposed therethrough. The needle 16 includes an aperture 1520 defined in a wall of needle 16 that fluidly connects the needle lumen 1522 with the indicator tube lumen 1512.

In an embodiment the indicator tube 1510 includes an aperture 1514 formed therein that extends from a first side wall 1516 to a second side wall 1518 of the indicator tube 1510 and traverses the lumen 1512. The needle 16 extends through the indicator tube aperture 1514 until the needle aperture 1520 aligns with lumen 1512. The inner diameter of the indicator tube aperture 1514 is smaller than the outer diameter of the needle 16 so that a seal is formed between the outer wall of the needle 16 and the inner wall of the aperture 1514 that prevents fluid leakage. In an embodiment the needle 16 forms the aperture 1514 as it penetrates and traverses the indicator tube 1510. The indicator tubing 1510 is formed of a material, such as silicone rubber or the like, which can receive a needle piercing and forms a “self-sealing” seal therewith so as to prevent leakage.

In an embodiment, the needle 16 penetrates, and is advanced through, the indicator tubing 1510 during manufacture and assembly of the insertion tool. In another embodiment, the needle 16 is movable relative to the insertion tool 10 during usage. Accordingly, as the needle 16 is deployed, the needle 16 traverses the indicator tubing 1510, creating the indicator tube aperture 1514, until the needle aperture 1520 aligns with the indicator lumen 1512.

When the distal tip of the needle 16 is disposed in the vein, blood will flow proximally through the needle, through aperture 1520, and into the indicator tube lumen 1512, as indicated by arrow 1530. Visual inspection by the clinician of the indicator tubing 1510 will confirm by the presence of blood therein that the distal needle tip is suitably positioned. It will be appreciated that the size, shape, position, and configuration of the indicator tubing 1510, apertures 1520, 1514, and the like, can vary from what is shown without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, the needle 16 can include two apertures 1520 a, 1520 b (not shown) that traverse opposing walls of the needle 16 and each fluidly communicate with lumen 1512. Accordingly, blood flow 1530 can advance along indicator lumen 1512 in both directions away from needle 16 providing additional indicators that the needle is desirably located in the vasculature of a patient. Further, the indicator tubing 1510 is formed of an at least partially translucent material so that the presence of blood therein can be observed.

Advantageously, the design of the indicator 1500 requires less components connecting the needle 16 with indicator tube 1510. For example, there is no need for a “saddle” or similar component fluidly connecting the needle with the indicator tube. Accordingly, manufacturing efficiency is improved and reducing complexity and associated costs.

In an embodiment, FIGS. 11-13 show further details of the blood flash indicator (“indicator”) 1500 that cooperates with the needle 16 of the insertion tool 10. The indicator tube 1510, includes a first end 1540 that is disposed proximate the needle 16 and needle aperture 1522. The tube first end 1540 can be disposed within the valve 52. The indicator tube 1510 then extends from a proximal end of valve 52. The valve 52 is removably received in the hub 46 of the catheter 42 during insertion of the catheter into the patient. Further details of which can be found in U.S. Pat. No. 10,384,039, filed May 13, 2016, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. The tube 1510 extends from a proximal end of the valve 52 and extends along a tortuous path within the handle assembly 1220, including the wings 1280 thereof. Portions of the handle assembly, such as wings 1280, are made of translucent material so that the tube 1510 can be observed. When the distal tip of the needle 16 is disposed in the vein, blood will proximally flow through the needle 16, out the aperture 1520, and into the indicator tubing 1510 via the valve 52 disposed in the catheter hub 42. The blood continues to flow along the length of the tubing 1510 in its tortuous path through the wings 1280 and handle assembly 1220, where visual inspection thereof will confirm by the presence of blood therein that the distal needle tip is suitably positioned.

FIG. 12C shows an example of the appearance of the insertion tool 10 to the clinician while blood is present in the tubing 1510 disposed within the wings 1280 according to the present embodiment. It will be appreciated that the size, shape, position, and configuration of the indicator tubing 1510 can vary from what is shown without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, as shown in FIG. 13 the tubing 1510 can extend to other portions of the insertion tool where it may be observable by the clinician. The tubing 1510 can extend along a surface of the tool 10 or be disposed within the various structures of the tool 10 such as housing 12. In an embodiment, various components of the tool 10, such as housing 12, or the like, can be formed of a translucent material so that the tube 1510 disposed therein, can be observed.

Guidewire Advancement Mechanisms

FIGS. 14A-18B show an exemplary embodiment of an insertion tool 1600. The insertion tool 1600 includes a guidewire advancement assembly 1610 for selectively advancing the guidewire 22 distally from the insertion tool housing, using finger movements of the clinician. The guidewire advancement assembly 1610 includes a housing 1612, a guidewire 22, and a guidewire advancer 1624, that is coupled to the guidewire 22. The housing 1612 includes a left portion 1614, a right portion 1616, and a cap portion 1618 that co-operate to form the housing 1612 and enclose guidewire advancer 1624. Optionally, as least a portion of the housing 1612 is formed of a translucent material.

The left and right portions 1614, 1616 of the housing 1612 further include dividing structures 1634 that co-operate to hermetically isolate the guidewire advancer 1624 from an interior portion of housing 1612. It will be appreciated that dividing structures 1634 can be formed monolithically with the housing 1612, or portions thereof, or be separate structures that fit within housing 1612, or combinations thereof. The housing 1612 includes an opening 1620 disposed in an upper surface thereof formed by recesses 1621, 1622 in the left and right portions 1614, 1616 respectively. The opening 1620 provides access to a portion of the guidewire advancer 1624 disposed within the housing 1612. The housing 1612 further includes a needle bonding pocket 1642, which longitudinally aligns with a distal opening 1619 of the housing 1612, and supports a proximal end of needle 16. The needle 16 extends from the needle bonding pocket 1642, through the opening 1619, to a point distal of the distal end of housing 1612.

In use, a clinician can advance the insertion tool 1600 until a distal tip 16B of needle 16 accesses a vasculature of the patient. Blood will flow proximally along the needle 16, creating a blood flash as described herein, and fill an interior portion of the housing 1612. Since the guidewire advancer 1624, including opening 1620, are hermetically isolated from the interior of housing 1612, the blood remains contained within the housing 1612. Further, since the housing 1612 can be formed of a translucent material, the blood flash can be observed by the clinician. The housing 1612 further includes a vent 1636 located, for example, in the housing cap 1618. The housing cap 1618 includes a valve to allow air to escape from the interior portion of housing 1612 as the interior of the housing fills with blood. The valve can also prevent any blood escaping from the housing. Accordingly, the housing 1612 of the insertion tool 1600 is a blood flashback indicator. With the distal tip 16B of the needle 16 confirmed as located in the vasculature of the patient, the clinician can advance the guidewire 22. The clinician can use a finger or thumb access the guidewire advancer 1624 by way of opening 1620. The clinician can move the guidewire advancer 1624 proximally or distally which in turn moves the guidewire 22, coupled thereto, proximally or distally, as will be described in more detail herein.

FIGS. 15A-E show various views of the guidewire advancer 1624. Guidewire advancer 1624, includes a flexible track 1626 that includes a top surface and a bottom surface and extends from a proximal end to a distal end of the guidewire advancer 1624. The flexible track 1626 includes a centrally defined slit 1630 configured to enable the track 1626 to slide past and on either side of the needle 16, catheter 42, guidewire 22, or combinations thereof, extending from the insertion tool housing. The slit 1630 extends from a top surface to a bottom surface of the flexible track 1626 and extends from a distal end to a point distal of the proximal end.

The flexible track 1626 includes a plurality of ridges 1628 disposed on the top surface, bottom surface, or combinations thereof. The ridges 1628 extend perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the insertion tool 10 and are positioned in a spaced apart relationship relative to each other. Further, when viewed from a side profile, and as shown in FIGS. 15B-15C, the ridges 1628 disposed on the top surface are spaced in an offset relationship relative to the ridges 1628 disposed on the bottom surface. Advantageously, the ridges 1628 provide improved friction and allows a clinician to grip the flexible track 1624 through the opening 1620 in the housing 1612 and allows sliding movement of the guidewire advancer 1624. Further, the spaced apart and offset relationships of the ridges 1628 allow the flexible track 1626 to flex along a vertical plane, defined by the longitudinal and transverse axes.

The guidewire advancer 1624 further includes a proximal block 1632 disposed at a proximal end thereof, that is coupled with the guidewire 22. The proximal block 1632 is configured to push the guidewire 22 distally through opening 1619 of the housing 1612, through needle 16 and the catheter 42 removably disposed on the needle 16, when the clinician's finger slides the flexible track 1626 distally.

FIG. 16A shows a cutaway view of the guidewire advancement assembly 1610 showing the guidewire advancer 1624 disposed therein. The flexible track 1626 extends distally and a portion thereof is exposed to the clinician though opening 1620. FIG. 16B shows a predetermined path 1640 of the guidewire advancer 1624 that is defined by the left and right housing portions 1614, 1616, dividing structure 1634, or combinations thereof. As the clinician advances guidewire advancer 1624 distally, a distal portion thereof is guided downwards through an arc of 180°. The slit 1630 allows the flexible track 1626 to pass either side of the needle 16, catheter 42, and/or guidewire 22. Advantageously, the guidewire advancement assembly 1610 provides improved control over the needle 16 and guidewire 22 by allowing the clinician to hold the insertion tool 1600 proximate to a distal end thereof. This provides the clinician greater control over the positioning of the insertion tool 1600 while also allowing single-handed control over guidewire advancement.

The insertion tool 1600 can further include a needle safety clip 1650. The safety clip 1650 includes a base plate 1652, with an aperture 1656 disposed therein and at least one support arm, for example support arms 1654A, 1654B, 1654C. The support arms 1654 can flex between an open state, FIGS. 17A, 17C, and a closed state, FIGS. 17B, 17D. The safety clip 1650 is disposed distal to a distal end of housing 1612 and receives the catheter hub 46, retaining the hub 46 within the support arms 1654, as shown in FIG. 17E. Each of the distal ends of support arms 1654 include a detent 1662 that engages a notch 1658 in the catheter hub 46, as shown in FIGS. 18A-18B, to further secure the catheter 42 with clip 1650. A needle 16 can extend from the needle bonding pocket 1642, through the clip aperture 1656, and through the catheter 42.

Once the catheter is correctly placed, as discussed herein, the insertion tool 1600, together with the needle 16, is retracted. The catheter 42, with the safety clip 1650 coupled thereto, remains in position and slides distally to the distal tip 16B of needle 16, FIG. 17F. At which point the clip 1650 disengages the catheter hub 46 and the support arms 1654 close around the needle tip 16B. The distal ends of the support arms 1654 engage each other to lock around the needle tip 16B, securing the clip thereto. This prevents accidental needle stick injuries once the guidewire advancement assembly 1610 is removed from the catheter 42.

Methods

In an exemplary method of use a catheter insertion tool, including a guidewire lever 24 with a frangible portion 1400, a blood flash indicator 1500, blood flash indicator housing 1612, guidewire advancement assembly 1610, or combinations thereof is provided. The clinician, holding the insertion tool with one hand proximate the distal end, advances the needle of the catheter insertion tool into a vasculature of a patient.

When the distal tip 16B of the needle 16 accesses the vasculature, blood flows proximally through the needle lumen 1522. The blood can enter the indicator lumen 1512, by way of a needle aperture 1520. The blood continues to flow through the indicator lumen 1512 along a tortuous path within a portion of the insertion tool, such as handle assembly 1220, wings 1280, housing 12, combinations thereof, or the like. Portions of the insertion tool 10 or the indicator tube 1510 are translucent and/or the indicator tube 1510 extends along a portion of the outer surface of the insertion tool. Further, a plurality of tortuous pathways can be employed to indicate to the clinician that the needle tip is correctly located. In an embodiment, blood flows proximally through the needle lumen 1522 and fills the housing 1612, at least a portion of which is translucent. The clinician can then observe the presence of blood within the indicator tube 1510/housing 1612 to confirm the needle tip is correctly located within the vasculature of the patient.

With the needle tip located correctly, the clinician advances the guidewire using the guidewire advancement assembly 1610. The clinician uses one hand to hold the insertion tool, proximate to a distal end thereof, and guide the needle to access the vasculature and advance the guidewire using the guidewire advancement assembly 1610. The clinician uses a finger or thumb to move the flexible track 1626 of the guidewire advancer 1624 in a distal direction. A distal end of the flexible track 1626 includes a slit 1630 that allows the distal end of the flexible track 1626 to curve down through an arc of 180° and pass either side of the guidewire, catheter, and/or needle assembly.

A clinician can selectively retract the guidewire 22, for example, to ensure that a distal tip thereof is correctly positioned within the vasculature of the patient, or during removal of the insertion tool subsequent to catheter placement. When retracting the guidewire a distal portion thereof can potentially snag on a distal edge of the needle, such as the needle bevel. This in turn can cause the distal portion of the guidewire to shear off, creating an embolism. So as to prevent such a situation, a frangible connector 1406 can break so as to prevent further retraction of the guidewire if it becomes snagged.

Embodiments of the invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure. The described embodiments are to be considered in all respects only as illustrative, not restrictive. The scope of the embodiments is, therefore, indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description. All changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A catheter placement tool for placing a catheter within a vasculature of a patient, comprising: a housing comprising: a hermetically sealed guide portion; and one or more translucent sides to enable blood entering an interior of the housing to be viewed; a guidewire advancement assembly disposed in the housing, the guidewire advancement assembly comprising: a guidewire; and a flexible track coupled to the guidewire, the flexible track positioned along the hermetically sealed guide portion, the flexible track accessible via an opening in a distal portion of the housing, wherein distal movement of the flexible track translates the guidewire distally; a needle fixed in the housing, the needle including a proximal opening in fluid communication with the interior of the housing; and a catheter assembly positioned over the needle, the catheter assembly including a catheter hub disposed outside of the housing prior to insertion of the catheter into the vasculature of the patient.
 2. The catheter placement tool according to claim 1, wherein the flexible track includes a slit through a distal end to a proximal portion of the flexible track, the slit configured to permit the track to pass over the needle fixed in the housing as the flexible track is moved distally.
 3. The catheter placement tool according to claim 1, wherein the hermetically sealed guide portion includes an arc to enable the flexible track to travel 180° along the arc as the flexible track is moved distally.
 4. The catheter placement tool according to claim 1, further comprising a safety clip positioned over the catheter hub.
 5. The catheter placement tool according to claim 4, wherein the safety clip comprises a base plate and a plurality of support arms configured to close over a tip of the needle when the catheter is moved distally into the vasculature of the patient.
 6. The catheter placement tool according to claim 5, wherein the plurality of support arms each include a detent disposed at a distal end thereof configured to engage a corresponding notch in the catheter hub.
 7. The catheter placement tool according to claim 5, wherein the base plate includes an opening configured to permit passage of the needle into the catheter hub.
 8. The catheter placement tool according to claim 1, wherein the guidewire advancement assembly further comprises a proximal block coupled to the flexible track, wherein a proximal end of the guidewire is fixed to the proximal block.
 9. The catheter placement tool according to claim 1, wherein the flexible track includes a first plurality of ridges disposed on a top surface in spaced apart relation.
 10. The catheter placement tool according to claim 9, wherein the plurality of ridges extend perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the flexible track.
 11. The catheter placement tool according to claim 9, wherein the flexible track further includes a second plurality of ridges disposed on a bottom surface in an offset relationship relative to the first plurality of ridges disposed on the top surface of the flexible track.
 12. The catheter placement tool according to claim 1, wherein the housing further comprises a needle bonding pocket aligned with a distal opening of the housing, the needle bonding pocket configured to support the needle during use of the catheter placement tool. 